TRICKY
MATHEMATICS
Long ago, a mathematician used to
cheat people. Once he borrowed Rs. 4,000 from a rich man. After a few days
borrowed Rs. 2,000 from the same man. Many days past, the mathematician did not
return the money to the rich man. The rich man went to the mathematician and
asked to return the money to him. But to his great surprise, the mathematician
replied that there is no need to pay the debt “See here, friend” said the
mathematician. ‘The sum of 4,000 and 2,000 is equal to 0’. So I do not have any
balance to pay. The rich man took the matter to the court when the judge came
to know this, he was astonished. He asked the mathematician to prove that sum
of 4,000 and 2,000 is zero and not 6,000. The clever mathematician agreed he
said:
Let
a =
4000
b
= 2000
And
c =
6000
a+b = c
Multiplying
both sides by (a+b)
(a+b)
(a+b) = c (a+b)
a2
+ ab+ ba+ b2 = ca
+ cb
a2
+ ab – ac = b2
– ba + cb
a
(a+b-c) = -b (b+a-c)
So a
= -b
a
+ b = 0
Hence 4000+2000 = 0
Shruti Thakur
10+2 (Non-medical).
CONCEPT
OF GREEN CHEMISTRY
The
term ‘Green Chemistry’ was coined in 1991 by Anasta. The purpose is to design
chemicals and chemical processes that will be less harmful to human health and
environment. Green Chemistry protects the environment, not by cleaning up, but
by inventing new chemical processes that do not pollute. Green Chemistry is the
utilization of a set of principles that will help to reduce the use of
generation of hazardous substances during the manufacture and application of
chemical products. Its seeks to reduce pollution at source. The fundamental
idea of green chemistry is that, the designer of a chemical is responsible for
considering what will happen to the world after the chemical agent is put in
place. The practice of green chemistry means doing clean chemistry, and it
cannot be less chemistry. It is a rapidly developing and an important area in
the chemical sciences.
Swati
Sharma
10+2
(Medical)
PUZZLES:-
1.
How can you make a total of 1000 by
using sixteen 4’s ?
2.
Can you write 13 using only the digit
3 five time ?
Pritika
10+2 (Non-medical)
Puzzle Answers:
Ans.1.
444+444+44+44+4+4+4+4+4+4
Ans.2.
33+3+3/3
GLOBAL
WARMING
Some of the gases in the
atmosphere help to keep the earth warm. They trap heat from the sun in the same
way that a greenhouse traps heat. This process is known as the green house
effect. But as these gases increases, the earth could be becoming too warm.
Green House Gases: - The earth’s surface absorbs some of the
heat from the sun, but the rest of bounced back into the atmosphere. Most of it
escapes into space, but some is trapped in the atmosphere by gases known as
‘Green House Gases’. The main green house gases are carbon dioxide and water in
the form of clouds. As the amount of green house gases increases, more heat is
trapped.
Most greenhouse gases occur naturally,
but industrial process and other pollution are increasing the amount of green
houses gases in the atmosphere. Scientist think that this may be causing the
earth to be come warmer. This process is known as global warming.
Green House
Effects:-
Rising sea level: - As temperature, so will the sea level. This
will eventually result in the flooding of low-lying areas. Scientist estimate
that the sea level is rising at a rate of 1-2mm year. It may rise by further
0.25-1m by the year 2100. There are two main reason for the increased volume of
water. Firstly as the ocean heat up, the water expands. The sea level rises
because the water is taking up more space. Secondly, the higher temperature may
cause glaciers and polar icecaps to melt. This water will then flood into the
sea.
Changing climate: - If temperature rise, climate all over
the world will be affected. Scientist predict that the average temperatures will
increase by around 200 C. The effect this will have is not known.
Some areas may become warmer and drier, and other wetter. There may also be an
increase in extreme weather such as strong winds and rainstorms.
Changing in climate will also affected
the habitats of plant and animals. This could help some species to thrive.
While other may be forced to move in search of food and water is therefore for
survive.
Shifting of balance:
- People have already begun to
take steps to reduce the emission of gases that contribute to global warming.
The main ways that this can be achieved are by looking at alternative energy
and reduce pollution levels.
Sachin
10+2
(Non-medical).
LIFE
OF SCIENCE STUDENT
The life of a student is full of cares
and worries. He is unable to discover a catalyst that can decrease the rate of
his worries. He can’t have a sleep because the ultrasonic sound of physics
always buzzing near his ears. Thus like a bat he grasps all his books and start
studying. The force of attraction attracts him to his textbooks but the force
of repulsion always respect him for studying them. The balance of physics and
chemistry puts his mind out of the balance. “Equilibrium Balance”. The balance
of his mind get disturbed and his brain can’t attain the state of equilibrium
until his books are stacked in a close cupboard. On opening a chapter on
“Electric Current” the current of his fear flows through the body. Somehow
science student learns and enters examination hall, his brain gets heated up
due to friction to remember everything. The ground heat evaporates everything,
but still he should follow the principle: “try-try again”.
Shruti Thakur
10+2 (Non-medical).
SOLAR
SYSTEM
Stars:-
We
see a large number of stars in the sky at night. Stars are big heavenly bodies.
They are huge balls of fiery gases which produce their own heat and light. They
look small as they are exceedingly far from the earth. Stars appear to remain
fixed at one place. The sun is also a star. We get heat and light from the sun.
The sun and other stars is that the sun is relatively very close to us. Others
stars are very far from the earth. We do not feel their heat. We get very
little light from them.
Solar
System:-
There
are some other bright objects in the sky which move around the sun along fixed
paths. These are called planets. There are eight planets in our solar system.
Each planets revolves around the sun on its own path which is called on orbit.
The orbits are curved paths. All planets revolve around the sun in the same
direction, anti-clockwise, except Venus, which travels in clockwise direction.
The eight planets in their order of increasing distance from the sun are
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Pluto, which was also classified as a
planet few years back, is now considered as a dwarf planet.
Moons:-
Small
heavenly bodies which move around the planets are called moons or satellites.
They do not have their own light but reflect the light of the Sun. Earth has
one moon. Both Saturn and Jupiter have more than sixty moons each. Some planets
do no have any moon. The Sun, the light planets and their moons and a number of
asteroids together form the Solar System.
Earth:-
Earth
was a huge ball of dust and burning gases. It kept on spinning. As it spun
around for million of years, its outer surface became cold and hard. Some of
the hot gases escaped while some were trapped inside. So, the outer surface of
the Earth is hard but the inside has not molten material. The Earth’s outer
most hard layer is called the crust. The inner layer of the Earth is called its
core. The core has not gases inside it.
Movement
of the Earth:-
The
Earth completes one rotation in 24 hours. The rotation of the Earth causes day
and night.
Movement
around the Sun:-
Our
Earth completes one revolution in 364
days, which
is also called a Solar year. The revolution of Earth causes seasons.
Jyotsna Kaushik
10+2 (Medical)
INDIAN
MATHEMATICIANS
1.
Ramanujam:-
He
was born on 22nd of Dec. 1887 in a small village of Tanjore District
Madras. He failed in English in Intermidiate, so his formal studies were
stopped but his self study of Mathematics continued. He sent a set of 120
theorems to Professor Hardy of Cambridge. As a result he invited Ramanujam to
England. Ramanujam showed that any big number can be written as sum of not more
than four prime numbers. He showed, how to divide the number into two or more
squares or cubes. When Mr. Littlewood came to see Ramanujam in taxi number
1729, Ramanujam said that 1729 is the smallest number which can be written in
the form of sum of cubes of two numbers in two ways i.e.
1729
= 93 + 103 = 13 + 123
Since
then the number 1729 is called Ramanujan’s number.
2.
Aryabhata:-
Aryabhata
was born in 476 A.D. in Kusumpur India. He was the first person to say that
Earth is spherical and it revolves around the Sun. He gave the formula (a+b)2
= a2 +b2+ 2ab.
3.
Brahmagupta:-
Brahmagupta
was born in 598 A.D. in Pakistan. He gave four methods of multiplication. He
gave the following formula, used in G.P. Series:-
a+ar+ar2+ar3+
…. +arn-1 = a(rn-1)
r-1
4.
Shakuntala
Devi:-
She
was born in 1939. In 1980 she gave the product of two nos. of having thirteen
digit each within 28 seconds, many countries have invited her to demonstrate
her extraordinary talent. In Dallas she competed with a computer to see who
give the cube root of 188138517 faster, she won. At the University of USA she was
asked to give the 23rd root of
9167486769200391580986609275853801624831066801
4430862240712651642793465704086709605620821016129132845564895780158806771.
She
answered in 50 seconds. The answer is 546372891. It took a UNIVAC.1108
computer, full one minute (10 seconds more) to confirm that she was right after
it was fed with 1300 instructions. Now she is known to be Human Computer.
Shruti
Thakur
10+2
(Non-medical)
COMPUTERS:
THEIR IMPORTANCE IN DAY TO DAY LIFE.
Computers are playing an increasingly
important part in our day to day life. There is hardly any field where
computers are not used these days. They are used in education, in sports, in
business, in large calculations, in weather-forecasts and even in medicine.
They are used in helpful in deciding the cause of diseases. Large business
houses make use of computers in calculating their payrolls, preparing bills and
checking payments. Computers are playing an important part in teaching also.
They have proved very helpful in teaching the students and testing their
knowledge. In short, it has now became almost impossible to do without
computers in any field of modern life.
Nidhi
10+2 (Medical)
Let’s
Play Cricket
Team
+2 Science
Batsman Students
Bowler The
paper setter
Umpire Paper
Checker
Scorer Examiner
Play Ground G.S.S.S. Kahlog
Spectators Helpless Guardians
Commentator Marks Sheet
Expert Comment Classmates
Sixer Distinctions
Four First
Class
Yorker Compulsory
Questions.
Googly Changed
Pattern
Bouncer Questions
from optional choices.
Umpire Decision 35/100
Clean Bold Fail
Oh ! its no ball Passed in supplementary exams.
Ajay Kumar
10+2
(Non-medical)
FACTS
ABOUT ANIMALS
1.
Dolphins:-
Dolphins have little or no sense of
smell. They use their sense of taste to judge what food to eat.
2.
Apollo
Butterflies:-
Apollo
Butterflies are the strongest fliers. They can fly over high hills and even
mountains.
3.
Bee:-
A Bee can string only once in its entire
lifetime.
4.
Crab:-
Crab spiders can change colour to hide in
flowers and plants to catch small insects for food.
5.
Crocodiles:-
Cannot focus their eyes under water but
can see very well above the surface.
6.
Snails:-
Have four noses.
7.
Cuckoos:-
Cuckoos are so lazy that they don’t make
their own nests. They lay their eggs in Crow’s nest.
8.
Argentinosaurs:-
Is the biggest dinosaur ever discovered.
9.
Oysters:-
Can change their gender several times
during their life time.
10.
Titanis:-
Was a huge flightless hunting bird that
ate toothed tegers.
Jyotsna Kaushik
10+2 (Medical)
ANALYSIS
OF BACK BENCHERS
1.
Symbol – Bb
2.
Atomic number – 420
3.
Chemical formula: Backbench + Mishchief.
4.
Chemical properties:-
(i)
Reacts with chalk to make cartoons on the
board or to throw pieces on their classmates.
(ii)
Always take part in gossips and fights.
(iii)
Not a good conductor of peace.
5.
Physical properties:-
(i)
Rarely found in class.
(ii)
Always late in class.
(iii)
Mostly found in cinema halls. Colourful
in appearance, looks like a hero, but indeed a zero.
6.
Uses:-
(i)
Good consumers of their parents property.
(ii)
They cause headache to the teachers.
Shruti Thakur
10+2 (Non-medical)
GENERAL
KNOWLEDGE
1.
Earth is the only planet not named after
a god.
2.
You are born with 300 bones, but by the
time you become an adult; you only have 206.
3.
Dolphins sleep with one eye open.
4.
The longest highway in the world is the
Trans-Canada.
5.
The Country also known as County of
“Copper” is Zambia.
6.
The biggest desert in the world is the
Sahara desert.
7.
The largest coffee growing country in the
world is Brazil.
8.
Some worms will eat themselves if they
can’t find any food.
Pritika
10+2
(Non-medical)
PLANT
LIFE ON EARTH
The Earth is the only planet known to
support living things, or organisms. There are millions of different kind of
living things on Earth. They fall into two main group: animals and plants. To
survive, nearly all of them need light and heat from the sun, food, water and
air. The sun provides energy in the form of light.
The
Green Planet:-
Most
planet on Earth have been leaves and stem. This is because plants contain a
green substances called chlorophyll, which helps them to make their food by a
process called photosynthesis. This is because of the billions of plants
covering most of its surface.
Plant food:-
Plant
feed themselves by turning light from the sun into food chemicals in their
leaves. This is called photosynthesis, which means “building with light”.
For
photosynthesis to happen, plants also need water and nutrients from the soil.
They absorb these through their roots. They also take in carbon dioxide, a gas
found in the air, through tiny holes in their leaves called stomata. They then
use all these things to make glucose, a kind of sugars which they can feed on.
Oxygen and water are produced too.
Plant
babies:-
Like
all living things, plants reproduce. They do this by making seeds. The seeds
usually from inside the flower. They may then be carried a long way by the wing
before falling to ground and beginning to grow.
Types of plants:-
Different
types of living things are called species. There are millions of species of
plants, from tiny flowers to enormous trees called giant sequoias, which are
the biggest living things on Earth.
Why
we need plants:-
Plants
are essential for life on Earth. Without them, the planet would look totally
different, and there would be no people or animals. Animals even meat eaters
need plants, because plant form the basis of all food chains. Plant also give
out oxygen and water, which animal and people need; and their roots hold the
soil together. Without them, the soil would wash away into the sea. We use
plants in many other ways, such as for wood and to make medicines, fabrics and
perfumes. The Aloe, one of the thousands of plants from which we extract
essence, is used in cosmetic and natural medicines.
Nidhika
10+2 (Medical)
SCIENCE
JOKES
Once there was a question between
Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics. Physics said that I can destroy the world
by my tanks and rockets.
At
this chemistry said I can destroy the world by my dangerous chemical reactions.
At last mathematics said that I can destroy the world by closing it into the
brackets and then multiplying with zero.
Once there were three friends Mr.
Physics, Mr. Chemistry and Mr. Mathematics. One day they had gone for a walk by
the lake. Mr. Math said, “ Friends let me jump into this pool and final its
depth”. He jumped into the pool. Mr. Physics & Mr. Chemistry got worried
about him. So Mr. Physics said let I jump into this pool and find out that why
the law of floatation not worked. So he also jumped into pool. After sometime
when neither of them appeared Mr. Chemistry said sadly, “Hence proved that both
were saluble in the water”.
Ajay Kumar
10+2 (Non-medical)
SIGNIFICANCE
OR SOME FACTS ABOUT COLOUR
1.
Why is red colour used for signal lights?
It
is because red light scattered the least by air molecules, has the longest
wavelength and is visible from far.
2.
Why is army uniform Khaki in colour?
Because
it is excellent camouflage (merge with the surroundings) shades to be worm
detection by enemies.
3.
Why do the three colours in the Indian
Flag represent?
Saffron:
stands for courage, sacrifice and
spirit.
White:
stands for truth, purity and
peace.
Green:
stands for faith and fertility.
Jyotsna
Kaushik
10+2
(Medical).
KNOWLEDGE OF VITAMINS
Vitamin A:- Its chemical name is
retinol. It is also called bright eye vitamin.
Function:- It helps in proper
growth and normal skeletal development of the body.
(i)
It
is essential for healthy teeth structure.
(ii)
It
helps in the maintenance of healthy, growing soft skin.
Source: - Butter, Liver, Carrots,
Spinach, Ghee, Yellow Pumpkin, Fish Oil,
Milk etc.
Deficiency: - It causes night
blindness and xerophtnalmia i.e. hardening of Cornea Eye.
Vitamin B: - Its chemical name is
thiamine.
Function:-
(i)
It
helps in carbohydrate metabolism.
(ii)
It
helps in functioning of heart nerves and muscles.
Sources:- Milk, Pulses, Sea Food,
Green Vegetables, Dairy Products etc.
Deficiency:- Beri-beri.
Vitamin C:- Its chemical name is
ascorbic acid.
Function:-
(i)
It
is necessary for keeping teeth, gums and joints healthy.
(ii)
It
helps in healing of cuts and wounds.
(iii)
It
gives resistance to our body against diseases and infection.
Sources:- Amla, Tomatoes, Mangoes, Oranges, Lemmon, Apples etc.
Deficiency: Scurvy.
Vitamin D:- It is also called
calciferol.
Function:-
(i)
It
keeps the bones and teeth healthy.
(ii)
It
helps in the utilization of calcium and phosphorus.
Sources:- Cod Liver oil, Butter
Milk, Egg Yak, Fish, Ghee, Cheese etc.
Deficiency:-
Causes rickets.
Vitamin K:- It is also called
phylloquihone.
(i)
It
helps in clotting of blood and prevents hemorrhage.
Sources:- Green Leaf Vegetables,
Soya been, Cabbage, Vegetables Oils, Spinach Tomatoes.
Deficiency: Vitamin K causes
hemorrhage lengthens and the time of the blood clotting.
Pritika
10+2
(Non-medical)
SOME INTERESTING FACT’S
ABOUT HUMAN SKELETON.
v Human body has 206
bones.
v Stapes is the smallest
bone of human body, while femur is the longest bone of human body.
v Human body has about
65% of H2O.
v The human body has a
pair of lungs: the right lung is the larger than the left.
v Liver is the largest
gland in human body.
v Protein helps in growth
of body.
v A normal human adult
body contain about 5.5 liters of blood.
v The four groups of
human blood are A,B, AB, O.
v People having the blood
“O” are universal donor.
v The heart of a normal
adult beats 72 times per minute.
v Heart beat increases
during exercise, exertion and excitement.
Nidhika
10+2 (Medical)